Indonesia, country located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, comprising over 17,000 islands, making it the largest archipelago in the world. It is the fourth most populous country, with a rich cultural diversity, home to hundreds of ethnic groups and languages. The name "Indonesia" is derived from the Greek words *Indos* (India) and *nesos* (island), meaning "Indian islands." Indonesia has a long history, influenced by Indian, Chinese, Arab, and European traders and colonizers. It was a Dutch colony for over 300 years, gaining independence in 1945. Known for its stunning natural beauty, Indonesia features rainforests, volcanoes, coral reefs, and beaches, as well as rich traditions in arts, music, and cuisine. The capital is Jakarta.