Qatar, country located in the Middle East on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, known for its wealth, modern infrastructure, and strategic importance. It became an independent state in 1971, after gaining independence from the United Kingdom, which had administered its foreign affairs. The name “Qatar” is believed to derive from the Arabic word *qatara*, meaning "to drop" or "to drip," possibly referring to the coastal location or the natural freshwater springs in the region. Qatar’s rapid economic development is largely due to its vast natural gas reserves, making it one of the richest countries per capita in the world. It is a prominent player in international politics and culture, with a growing influence in global media and sports. The capital is Doha.